Disaster
Natural Disaster
A natural disaster is the consequence of the combination of a natural hazard (a physical event e.g. volcanic eruption, earthquake, landslide) and human activities. Human vulnerability, caused by the lack of appropriate emergency management, leads to financial, structural, and human losses. The resulting loss depends on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster, their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability". A natural hazard will hence never result in a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability, e.g. strong earthquakes in uninhabited areas. The term natural has consequently been disputed because the events simply are not hazards or disasters without human involvement. The degree of potential loss can also depend on the nature of the hazard itself, ranging from wildfires, which threaten individual buildings, to impact events, which have the potential to end civilization.
The coastal belt of Kerala was ravaged by Tsunami, killing at least 169 persons in 26 December 2005. The most ruined is the poor hamlet of Azheekkal near Karunagappally in Kollam District. Thousands displaced. Thousands injured. Thousands rendered homeless.
Environmental Impact of Tsunami in the Kerala Coast
Lightning Phenomenon and Precautions
National Disaster Management Authority
On 23rd December 2005 , the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, which envisaged the creation of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister, and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) headed by respective Chief Ministers, to spearhead and implement a holistic and integrated approach to Disaster Management in India . NDMA as the apex body is mandated to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for Disaster Management to ensure timely and effective response to disasters.
Kerala has become the first state to have a Disaster Management Authority. The Kerala Disaster Management Authority was formed as stipulated in the National Disaster Management Authority Act of 2005 with the Chief Minister as chairman and the Revenue Minister as Vice-Chairman. It has an advisory and an executive committee. Formulation of a state policy, identification of disaster prone areas and planning of disaster management programmes incorporating the services of various departments will come under the purview of the state executive committee. There will be district level authorities under the state executive committee.The time dimension in disaster management is long term and not a one off affair. Reconstruction/ rehabilitation requires diverse skills over a long period. Further, we have to have proper warning systems, preventive mechanisms etc.See Details.....
Road Accidents in Kerala: Traffic accidents are a major cause of death and injuries world wide, but while they are declining in many parts of the developed world, fatalities are still on the rise in many developing countries including India. In our state more than half of the road accident victims are in the age group of 20 to 55, the key wage earning and child raising age group. The loss of the main bread winner and head of household due to death or disability can be catastrophic, leading to lower living standards and poverty. The main causes of the increasing death rates in the Road Accidents are
- Not knowing or not adopting correct driving habits.
- Increasing number of New generation vehicles especially Two wheelers.
- Aggressive driving behavior of Heavy vehicle drivers especially Private Buses & Tipper Lorries.
- Drivers sleeping while driving especially of Heavy vehicles & light motor vehicles after midnight due to fatigue and other reasons.
- Over speeding.
- Bad condition of Roads and absence of different lanes.
- Driver /Rider's ignorance of Road conditions, Road signs and the Environmental factors.
- Driver /Rider's ignorance or violation of Traffic Rules.
- Drunken Driving/Driving without seat belt.
- Driving without Helmet
Source : http://www.keralapolice.org