In 2021-22, the District with the largest numbers of new MSME units was Thrissur (1,789 units) with an investment of ₹121.15 crore, generating 5,200 employment opportunities, followed by Kozhikode (1,455 units) with an investment of ₹134.38 crore generating 4,738 employment opportunities and Palakkad (1,413 units) with an investment of ₹207.49 crore providing employment to 5,850 persons. Kasaragod (220 units) had the lowest number with an investment of 17.09 crore generating employment for 959 persons. The District-wise details of new MSME units started in Kerala in 2021-22 is given below:
District-wise details of new MSME units started in Kerala during 2021-22
|
State / District
|
No of MSME units started
|
Total Investment ( Rs. Crores)
|
Employment generated (Nos)
|
Thiruvananthapuram
|
1420
|
98.22
|
5142
|
Kollam
|
1412
|
134.83
|
5619
|
Pathanamthitta
|
641
|
50.63
|
2567
|
Alappuzha
|
1112
|
97.03
|
3718
|
Kottayam
|
1205
|
66.33
|
3761
|
Idukki
|
515
|
33.04
|
1552
|
Ernakulam
|
1308
|
208.91
|
5936
|
Trissur
|
1789
|
121.15
|
5200
|
Palakkad
|
1413
|
207.49
|
5850
|
Malappuram
|
1236
|
198.13
|
5515
|
Kozhikode
|
1455
|
134.38
|
4738
|
Wayanad
|
284
|
23.71
|
895
|
Kannur
|
1275
|
144.15
|
4781
|
Kasaragod
|
220
|
17.09
|
959
|
Total
|
15,285
|
1,535.09
|
56,233
|
Source: Directorate of Industries & Commerce
|
In 2020-21, Thrissur was the District with the largest number of new units (1,855 units) generating 6,118 jobs, followed by Palakkad with 1,477 units generating 6,300 jobs and Ernakulam with 1,165 MSME units with 4,729 jobs. Although the number of new units in Kasaragod remains the same, there is an additional investment of ₹1.03 crore and 116 persons employed. Figure 4.4.3 shows District-wise details of new MSME units in the State in 2020-21 and 2021-22.
District-wise new MSME units in Kerala in 2020-21 and 2021-22
Source: Directorate of Industries and Commerce
The sector-wise growth of MSME units over the last five years reveals an increase in the number of agro and food-based units from 2,553 in 2017-18 to 4,297 in 2021-22. The number of service related MSME units has increased from 3,679 in 2017-18 to 4,097 in 2021-22. The sub-sector-wise details of MSME units started during the last five years is given below:
Sub-sector-wise details of new MSME units started in Kerala
Name of Subsector
|
2017-18
|
2018-19
|
2019-20
|
2020-21
|
2021-22
|
Agro and Food-based
|
2,553
|
2712
|
2,582
|
3,359
|
4,297
|
Textiles and Garments
|
1,947
|
1858
|
1,904
|
1,276
|
1,564
|
General/mechanical/light Engineering
|
2,001
|
1533
|
1,334
|
959
|
1,193
|
Service Activities
|
3,679
|
3259
|
4,036
|
2,725
|
4,097
|
Wood Products
|
871
|
644
|
5,32
|
436
|
517
|
Cement Products
|
469
|
329
|
3,09
|
233
|
368
|
Printing and Allied
|
392
|
348
|
2,80
|
188
|
198
|
Paper Products
|
163
|
192
|
1,88
|
198
|
234
|
Information Technology
|
316
|
294
|
2,40
|
187
|
348
|
Others
|
3,077
|
2657
|
2,290
|
1,949
|
2,469
|
Total
|
15,468
|
13,826
|
13,695
|
11,540
|
15,285
|
Source: Directorate of Industries and commerce
|
The top five subsectors together consist of over 85 per cent of the MSME units in the last five years. Agro and food based (28 per cent) units and Service Activities (27 per cent) dominate in MSMEs. Units making plastic containers, gold ornaments, rubber products, handicrafts products are classified as “Others” (16 per cent). Textiles and garments (10 per cent) and General/Mechanical/Light Engineering (8 per cent) are the other two leading subsectors. The share of each subsector is given below:
Number of MSME units were started in 2021-22
Source: Directorate of Industries and commerce
Export
Cashew:
India exports cashews to more than 60 countries. In 2021-22, India exported 53,770 MT (valued ₹3,175.2 crore) as against 49,992 MT (valued ₹2,907 crore) in 2020-21. United Arab Emirates (UAE) continued to be the largest export market for Indian cashews followed by Japan, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, USA, Spain, Kuwait, Germany, Qatar, Malaysia and Singapore.
The export of cashew kernels from Kerala also increased to 24,299 MT in 2021-22 from 23,368 MT in 2020-21 registering a growth of 4.0 per cent in volume. In 2021-22, Kerala’s share in total export of cashew kernels from India declined marginally to 45.2 per cent in terms of quantity compared to the previous year share of 46.7 per cent. The details are given below:
Export of cashew kernels, Kerala and India, 2015-16 to 2021-22, Quantity in MT, value in ₹ crore
Year
|
Kerala
|
India
|
Share of Kerala (%)
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
2015-16
|
50,652
|
2,579.5
|
96,346
|
4,952.1
|
52.6
|
52.1
|
2016-17
|
38,054
|
2,415.3
|
82,302
|
5,168.8
|
46.2
|
46.7
|
2017-18
|
36,930
|
2,580.4
|
84,352
|
5,871.0
|
43.8
|
44.0
|
2018-19
|
29,062
|
1,892.6
|
66,693
|
4,434.0
|
43.6
|
42.7
|
2019-20
|
30,478
|
1,742.5
|
67,647
|
3,867.2
|
45.1
|
45.1
|
2020-21
|
*23,368
|
NA
|
49992
|
2907
|
46.7
|
NA
|
2021-22
|
*24299
|
NA
|
53770
|
3175.2
|
45.2
|
NA
|
(Source: Cashew Export Promotion Council of India
*Cochin Port Trust)
|
In 2021-22, the production of raw cashew nuts in Kerala declined to 71,760 MT as against 73,105 MT in 2020-21 recording a negative growth of (-)1.8 per cent. Maharashtra continued to be the major producer of Indian raw cashew nuts with a share of 25.2 per cent followed by Andhra Pradesh (16.9 per cent) and Odisha (16.1 per cent). Out of the total production of raw cashew nuts in India, Kerala’s share was 9.5 per cent in 2021-22. In 2021-22, India exported 21,654 MT of raw cashew nuts worth ₹202.3 crore as compared to 19,832 MT worth ₹199.8 crore in previous year. Kerala did not export raw cashew nuts since 2018-19.
Export of Coir and Coir Products
In 2021-22, India exported coir and coir products of 12,34,855 MT valued ₹4,340.1 crore as against 11,63,213 MT valued ₹3,779 crore in 2020-21. The export of coir and coir products from Kerala through Cochin Port showed a declining trend in 2021-22 compared to the impressive growth of 141per cent in previous year. A total of 2,40,745 MT of coir and coir products were exported through Cochin Port in 2021-22 as against 2,84,065 MT in 2020-21 registering a negative growth of (-)15.3 per cent. Export trend of coir and coir products from India and Kerala is given below:
Export trend of coir and coir products from India and Kerala (through Cochin Port),
2016-17 to 2021-22, quantity in lakh MT
Source: Coir Board and Cochin Port Trust
Export of Tea:
Export of tea from Kerala ports in 2021-22 decreased to 64,854 MT worth ₹1,468.4 crore from 70,398 MT worth ₹1,566 crore in 2020-21 registering a negative growth of (-)7.9 per cent in terms of quantity and (-)6.2 per cent in terms of value is given below:
Export of tea from Kerala ports and India, 2016-17 to 2021-22, quantity in MT, ₹ in lakh
Year
|
Kerala
|
India
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
2016-17
|
67,431
|
1,13,935
|
2,27,634
|
4,63,250
|
2017-18
|
75,741
|
1,23,294
|
2,56,572
|
5,06,488
|
2018-19
|
80,683
|
1,43,440
|
2,54,502
|
5,50,684
|
2019-20
|
76,983
|
1,47,082
|
2,41,344
|
5,45,710
|
2020-21
|
70,398
|
1,56,595
|
2,03,791
|
5,31,153
|
2021-22
|
64,854
|
1,46,841
|
2,00,785
|
5,41,577
|
Source: Tea Board
|
Export of Coffee:
In 2021-22, a total quantity of 4.14 lakh MT of coffee worth ₹7,655.5 crore was exported from India as against 3.11 lakh MT worth ₹5,449 crore in 2020-21. The export of coffee from Kerala through Cochin port also showed an upward trend with a very impressive growth of 81.8 per cent to 62,069 MT in 2021-22 compared to the growth of 7.5 per cent to 34,134 MT in the previous year.
Export of Spices:
In 2021-22, the export performance of spices from India is not encouraging as compared to 2020-21. The export of spices from Kerala through Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram ports increased to 1,23,723 MT valued ₹5,666.4 crore in 2021-22 as against 1,21,349 MT valued ₹5,006.3 crore in 2020-21 registering a marginal growth of 2.0 per cent in volume and 13.2 per cent in value. The share of Kerala in country’s export of spices and spices products shows a fluctuating trend since 2016-17. In 2021-22, the share of Kerala increased to 8.1 per cent as against 6.9 per cent in 2020-21 in terms of quantity. In terms of value, it marginally increased to 18.5 per cent in 2021-22 from 16.2 per cent in 2020-21 is given below:
Export of spices, India and Kerala, from 2016-17 to 2021-22, quantity in MT and value in ₹ lakh
Year
|
Kerala
|
India
|
Kerala’s share (%)
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
Quantity
|
Value
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
2016-17
|
84,418.8
|
4,27,120.1
|
9,47,790
|
17,81,223.6
|
8.9
|
24.0
|
2017-18
|
95,455.9
|
4,15,296.1
|
10,28,060
|
17,98,016.2
|
9.3
|
23.1
|
2018-19
|
89,590.8
|
3,78,560.4
|
11,00,250
|
19,50,581.1
|
8.1
|
19.4
|
2019-20
|
1,00,195.8
|
4,05,421.3
|
12,08,400
|
22,06,280.0
|
8.3
|
18.4
|
2020-21
|
1,21,348.9
|
5,00,633.6
|
17,58,266
|
30,96,771
|
6.9
|
16.2
|
2021-22
|
1,23,723.4
|
5,66,643.6
|
15,31,154
|
30,57,644.3
|
8.1
|
18.5
|
Source: Spices Board
|
Kerala’s export of spices and spice products, in quantitative terms, showed an increasing trend since 2019-20. The exports of spices and spice products registered an increase of 11.8 per cent and 21.1 per cent respectively in 2019-20 and 2020-21. In 2021-22, export recorded a marginal growth of 2.0 per cent in volume and a significant growth of 13.2 per cent in value compared to previous year. Figure 5.4.7 depicts the trend in growth of export of spices and spice products from India and Kerala.
Trend in growth of export of spices and spice products from India and Kerala, 2017-18 to 2021-22, quantity in per cent
Source: Spices Board
In 2021-22, the export of individual spices like chilli, cardamom (small), ginger, cumin, celery, fenugreek from Kerala showed an increase both in volume and value as compared to previous year. A total volume of 5,925 MT of cardamom (small) valued ₹815.5 crore was exported from Kerala through Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram ports in 2021-22 as against 3,029.5 MT valued ₹586.3 crore in 2020-21, registering a remarkable growth of 95.6 per cent in volume and 39.1 per cent in value. Export of chilli increased from 29,433.8 MT valued ₹572.8 crore in 2020-21 to 30,365.3 MT valued ₹651.9 crore registering a growth of 3.2 per cent in volume and 13.8 per cent in terms of value. The export of pepper was declined to 17,253.1 MT valued ₹603.2 crore in 2021-22 as against 17,321.1 MT valued ₹491.4 crore in 2020-21 registering a marginal decline of 0.4 per cent in volume and a growth of 22.8 per cent in value.
In the case of value-added products export of curry powder and mixture showed an increase in volume and value while spice oil and oleo-resins and mint products showed marginal decline in 2021-22 in terms of quantity as compared to 2020-21. Export of curry powder and mixture in 2021-22 was 15,253 MT valued ₹314.8 crore as against 14,517 MT valued ₹313.3 crore in 2020-21 recording an increase of 5.1 per cent in volume and 0.5 per cent in value. A total volume of 10,588 MT of spice oils and oleo-resins valued ₹2,444.7 crore was exported in 2021-22 as against 10,640 MT valued ₹2,210.9 crore of previous year registering a marginal negative growth of (-)0.5 per cent in volume and a growth of 10.6 per cent in value.